Heterogeneity of Spatial Distribution and Factors Influencing Unattended Locker Points in Guangzhou, China: The Case of Hive Box

Hive Box is a company that operates network of express unattended collection and delivery points (UCDPs) in China. distribution enhances community-based end-to-end services low-carbon city logistics. It argued UCDPs compared with attended (ACDPs) should be considered for further investigation. Therefore, the present study employed kernel density estimation, spatial autocorrelation analysis, geographically weighted regression to investigate heterogeneity across Guangzhou. location data were collected from smartphone apps. The results as follows: (1) declined center toward outskirts, showed point-like agglomerations center; (2) Moran’s I index analysis exhibited agglomeration global perspective geographic variations locality space; urban–rural differences implies uneven development Guangzhou; (3) factors influencing multilevel, their effects complex varied regions. These shed light on characteristics Boxes. For an enhanced service, this suggested identification combined multiple intensifying infrastructure locker points.